meth

What About the Future of the Psychedelic Industry?

Katie Stone, writing for Chacruna:

Medical-only and medical-first approaches might be palatable to prohibitionists, but there is no liberation from the Drug War until all drug users are free. Period. Psychonauts are not morally superior to people who use meth, or alcohol, or heroin. Anyone leading drug policy reform conversations from a platform that suggests otherwise needs to pass the talking stick to a drug policy reformer who leads with compassion. After the war is over, you’ll be free to exercise your superiority complex.

Amen.


This Week in Psychedelics - 3.18.16

Image by Dahtamnay, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Image by Dahtamnay, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Cannabis

  • Legal Cannabis Outsold Girl Scout Cookies Last Year (Forbes)
  • Where the Presidential Candidates Stand on Marijuana (ATTN:)
  • Merrick Garland Helped Uphold the DEA's Refusal to Reclassify Marijuana (Reason)
  • New Study Suggests Marijuana's Impact on Crash Risk Has Been Exaggerated (Reason)
  • Proposed Massachusetts Stoned Driving Rule Is Better Than Washington's but Worse Than Current Law (Forbes)
  • Lee Harris, the moral crusader turned cannabis activist vying to be London mayor (The Guardian)
  • Israel wants to be the tech hub for the world cannabis industry (Quartz)
  • America's First Cannabis Resort Opens in Colorado (Business Wire)
  • Lib Dems vote to legalise cannabis (Mirror)
  • Marijuana Legalization 2016: Many Women Working In Cannabis Industry Are Smoking The Competition (International Business Times)
  • Cops Caught on Camera Eating Dispensary's Snack Bars Charged With Theft (Reason)
  • Marijuana Industry Will Add $44 Billion to Nation's Economy by 2020 (Disinfo)
  • GW Pharmaceuticals Gets Positive Result for Cannabis-based Epilepsy Drug (The Wall Street Journal)
  • New Zealand's 'cannabis crisis': smokers confirm chronic shortage (The Guardian)
  • High Times Moves Cannabis Cup to California After Troubles in Denver (Inc)
  • Poll: Voters Back Rescheduling And Legalizing Marijuana (NORML)
  • French tops teen cannabis use survey: WHO (France 24)
  • Cannabis Consumer Products Company Launches First Equity Crowdfunding Campaign (Black Enterprise)
  • More Municipalities Embrace Marijuana Decriminalization (NORML)
  • Legalized Cannabis and the Brain: NIDA Sounds the Alarm (Medscape)
  • New Guide Shows How To Get A Piece Of The Multi-Billion Dollar Cannabis Industry (Reset.me)
  • Forget the Startup Nation, Welcome to the Cannabis Nation (Haaretz)
  • Vox poll: the only drug Americans want to legalize is marijuana (Vox)
  • Palestinian Police in West Bank Cannabis Raid (High Times)
  • Purveyors of pot work to reverse stigma, rebrand cannabis (CP24 Toronto's Breaking News)
  • Leading California Anti-Pot Activist Says Marijuana Causes 'Almost All' Mass Murders (Reason)

LSD

  • Share this: LSD for breakfast may kick Facebook addiction (RT)
  • Remember That Time Dock Ellis Threw a No-Hitter on LSD? (Relix)
  • Villanova Student Charged With Dealing LSD From Dorm Room (CBS)
  • Naked teenager James McAllister-Barnard high on LSD accidentally sets fire to flat, tells officer 'Help me, I'm dead' (Metro)
  • Sterrett man nabbed in LSD trafficking bust (Shelby County Reporter)
  • Possibly LSD-influenced Man Tased Four Times After Attempting to Attack Deputies in McKinleyville, Says HCSO (Lost Coast Outpost)
  • Boy accused of having LSD at Roosevelt High School (Sioux Falls Argus Leader)

Psilocybin/Magic Mushrooms

MDMA/Ecstasy

  • Truth Behind the Push to Legalize a Street Drug (LifeZette)
  • Can You Really Die from an MDMA Allergy? (VICE)
  • Off-duty officer arrested over ecstasy tablets (U.TV)
  • Melbourne's gangland: Mafia link to worlds biggest ecstasy bust (Herald Sun)
  • 'Molly' and 'LSD' manufacturing operation uncovered inside storage facility (WPEC)
  • Legalization, MDMA, and Aggressive Behavior (American Thinker)
  • Six college students busted in $100K drug ring (HLNtv.com)
  • Russell County sheriff: Man found with ecstasy in form of lollipops (Columbus Ledger-Enquirer)
  • Dealer tried to smuggle ecstasy in Police Lego box (Edinburgh Evening News)
  • Ecstasy death: Man linked to Colorado Springs teen's overdose pleads guilty (The Denver Channel)
  • Long Branch cops find MDMA stash in traffic stop (Asbury Park Press)
  • Malaysian arrested for smuggling ecstasy pills into N.Sumatra (The Jakarta Post)

Ayahuasca/DMT

Iboga/Ibogaine

  • Voacanga: An Alternative, Sustainable Source of Ibogaine Treatment (Psychedelic Times)

Synthetic Cannabinoids/Psychoactive Research Chemicals

  • 'Legal LSD': Dangerous Party Drug Sold Online (Medscape)

Dissociatives

  • U.K. man jailed 5 days in St. John's after friend's ashes mistaken for ketamine (CBC.ca)
  • New Study Shows Ketamine May Regenerate Brain Cells, Relieving Depression with Lasting Benefit (PR Newswire)
  • Man who was seen handing €130000 of ketamine to another man during surveillance operation is given bail to 'prove himself' (Irish Independent)
  • $100K bail for Jersey City man facing PCP charges while on probation (NJ.com)
  • Prosecutor: Driver in crash that killed teens was on PCP (Fox News)
  • Wallingford PD: Local man grabbed employee by throat, in possession of PCP (Meriden Record-Journal)

Opiates/Opioids

  • The Right Chemistry: A history of morphine (Montreal Gazette)
  • What to Do About Heroin Addiction (The New York Times)
  • Mexico governor floats idea of medical opium growing to reduce drug violence (Yahoo! News)
  • CDC Prescription Guidelines Will Leave More Patients in Pain and Drive More Addicts to Heroin (Reason)
  • Roots of opioid epidemic can be traced back to two key changes in pain management (Disinfo)
  • The strange history of opiates in America: from morphine for kids to heroin for soldiers (The Guardian)
  • Americans Have Been Addicted to Prescription Opiates Forever (WIRED)
  • Opium crop failure: No high for these farmers in times of drought (The Indian Express)
  • The Devastating Effects Heroin Has on the Body and Mind (ABC News)
  • A Small Town Wanders What To Do When Heroin Is 'Everywhere' (NPR)
  • EpiPen For Heroin Overdose – Start-Up Solved Naloxone Administration (HealthAim)

Absinthe

Kratom

  • N.H. Senate Passes Bill to Ban Kratom Use by Minors (NHPR)
  • The battle over Kratom in Shelby County (WIAT)
  • Bill to regulate kratom to go before committee (WBRC)
  • Kratom dealers busted in Krabi raid (Phuket Gazette)

Kava

Khat

  • Chinese Customs Confiscate 700 Kilos of Banned Plant Khat (China Topix)
  • 70-year-old arrested for 46kg of drugs (iAfrica.com)

Miscellaneous Psychedelics/Psychoactives/Drug Policy

  • Will UNGASS 2016 Be the Beginning of the End for the War on Drugs? (StoptheDrugWar.org)
  • The U.S. May Support Revolutionary Reform to International Drug Policy (ATTN:)
  • How Psychedelics Can Help You Meditate, and Why Meditation Makes Your Psychedelic Experience Easier (Psychedelic Times)
  • Ross Ulbricht's Sentencing Indecent, Based on Procedural and Substantive Errors, New Amicus Brief Argues (Reason)
  • This Trafficking Gang Posed as a Fake Flower Business to Smuggle Drugs into the UK (VICE)
  • The Darker Side of 'Just Say No' (Reason)
  • How Sex and Drugs Saved My Life (and Could Save the World) (AlterNet)
  • Why the War on Drugs Failed and How It Affects Psychedelic Addiction Treatment (Psychedelic Times)
  • Missouri State Patrol shows you how to make meth (Boing Boing)
  • Thomas Massie: War on Drugs in Afghanistan Has Been a Failure (Reason)
  • Watch How the Drug Overdose Epidemic Spread in America (TIME)
  • Miley Cyrus' Wedding Dreams: Marijuana, Aging Rock Stars & Psychedelia (Inquisitr)
  • Man high on psychedelic drug trashed Haworth school, cops say (NJ.com)

Disclaimer: "This Week in Psychedelics" does not censor or analyze the news links presented here. The purpose of this column is solely to catalogue how psychedelics (and other psychoactives) are presented by the mass media, which includes everything from the latest scientific research to misinformation.

This Week in Psychedelics - 12.25.15

Image by Dahtamnay, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Image by Dahtamnay, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Cannabis

  • DEA Eases Cannabis Study Requirements (Forbes)
  • Australia anti-cannabis 'stoner sloth' campaign backfires (The Independent)
  • Did the White House Just Save Colorado's Marijuana from the Supreme Court? (Reason)
  • A Cannabis Tax Can Help Cities Pay For New Infrastructure (The Huffington Post)
  • Pot and Senior Citizens: It's a Natural Fit (NORML)
  • Colorado Marijuana Tourism: Cannabis Tours, Bud Hotels Popular with Visitors, But State Won't Market Legal Pot to Travelers (International Business Times)
  • Illinois' medical cannabis pilot program in trouble because of low patient numbers (Belleville News-Democrat)
  • Medical Marijuana 'Cease Fire' Begins (Disinformation)
  • Canada Plans to Use Its Marijuana Revenue in the Best Possible Way (ATTN:)
  • Colombia To License Medical Cannabis Use (NORML)
  • NTRR: Demand for Cannabis Topicals Booms as Legalization Spreads Across North America (Business Wire)
  • Kansas Couple Whose Tea Was Mistaken for Marijuana Loses Suit Over Fruitless Raid (Reason)
  • Syrian refugees farm cannabis in Lebanon (Reuters)
  • 5 Hot Cannabis Trends from 2015 (Leafly)
  • One Common Anti-Marijuana Argument Just Took a Blow (ATTN:)
  • Do Cannabis Entrepreneurs and Big Business Actually Need Each Other? (Inc.)
  • Uttarakhand To Become First Indian State To Legalise Cannabis Cultivation (India Times)
  • For the First Time, D.C. Residents Can (Legally) Give Cannabis for Christmas (Leafly)
  • Anti-Pot Group Blames 'Big Marijuana' for Possibly Nonexistent Increase in Adolescent Cannabis Consumption (Reason)
  • Why Does Cannabis Make You Laugh? (Leafly)
  • Cannabis opponents take a hit as top ethicist calls for legalization (The Times of Israel)
  • NORML's Weekly Legislative Round Up (NORML)
  • Snoop Dogg Will Get a $5,000 Marijuana Gift From Oregon Pot Community (TIME)
  • Police discover nearly 300 cannabis plants in Berri; man charged with trafficking (ABC News)
  • Cannabis Craftsmanship: How to Make Hash with Funky Skunk Extracts (Leafly)
  • The Top 5 Christmas Cannabis Gifts (Forbes)

LSD

  • Star Wars animator Phil Tippet: 'I took LSD when I was working on Return of the Jedi' (The Telegraph)
  • Meth Will Fry Your Brain, but LSD Could Make Your Steve Jobs (Clapway)
  • Two Irishmen caught with €143k of LSD and cannabis plead guilty to global drug dealing on Dark Net (Irish Independent)
  • Man Allegedly Sold LSD To Lansdale Cop (Patch)

Psilocybin/Magic Mushrooms

  • Researchers Find the Active Ingredient in 'Magic Mushrooms' Can Help You Quit Smoking (GOOD)
  • 5 Most Incredible Discoveries of the Week (Newser)
  • Cuyahoga Falls man busted for psychedelic mushroom grow (Fox 8 Cleveland)

MDMA/Ecstasy

  • Mind-Altering Drugs Could Cure PTSD (Popular Science)
  • MDMA researchers testing how drug can be used to treat mental illness raise $22000 (The Independent)
  • Police warn of dangerous MDMA tablets circulating in Warwickshire (Kenilworth Weekly News)
  • Naked Toys R Us thug who abducted young boy and attacked grandmother after taking ecstasy to be jailed (Mirror)
  • SA court suspends jail terms of Nicola Jay Vermey, Alexandra Rodriguez and Sarah Louise Mudge for ecstasy trafficking (The Advertiser)
  • A New-Louvain ecstasy dealer arrested at a Brussels party (The Brussels Times)
  • Teen caught with drugs twice at Dunsborough leavers (Busselton-Dunsborough Mail)

Ayahuasca/DMT

  • Ayahuasca may have fast-acting and sustained anti-depressive properties (Gran Fondo Online)
  • Ayahuasca Murder Threatens to Set Back Critical Psychedelic Research (Inverse)
  • The profound power of an Amazonian plant - and the respect it demands (The Globe and Mail)
  • Cambridge University graduate killed in psychedelic ceremony in Peruvian Amazon (The Telegraph)
  • Briton killed in Peru ayahuasca ceremony texted girlfriend about 'bad experience' in Amazon (The Telegraph)
  • 'Spiritual tourist' killed during Peruvian ayahuasca ceremony (Latin Correspondent)

Synthetic Cannabinoids/Psychoactive Research Chemicals

  • ISIS Is Literally on Drugs (ATTN:)
  • What Is MDA, or Sally, One of the Drugs Scott Weiland Overdosed On? (Rolling Stone)

Dissociatives

  • Scientists a Step Closer to Treating Depression with Ketamine (Psychiatry Advisor)
  • Man arrested for driving under the influence after telling cops 'I lace my blunts with PCP' (New York Daily News)
  • Depression Tied to Overeating can be Reduced by Ketamine, Study Reveals (Latinos Health)
  • Lincolnshire drug dealer caught with more than £1400 worth of ketamine (Lincolnshire Echo)
  • Ketamine Effects Include Antidepressant Properties, And Researchers Have Identified The Brain Circuit Involved (Medical Daily)
  • Yale study: Ketamine may reverse depression in some patients (CT Post)
  • Ketamine may reverse symptoms of depression (University Herald)

Opiates/Opioids

  • One type of legal drug is killing far more people than heroin — and deaths just hit record numbers (Business Insider
  • Here's What Might Explain Why Afghanistan's Opium Production Dropped by Half This Year (VICE News)
  • Heroin trade continues to claim lives as UK drug gangs compete for power (The Guardian)
  • New Hampshire heroin crisis leads presidential candidates to tackle drug abuse (Los Angeles Times)
  • Bernie Sanders Calls Drug Addiction a 'Disease' Not a Crime (TIME)
  • Florida pill mill crackdown also may have curbed heroin deaths, researchers find (The Washington Post)
  • Naloxone for Opioid Overdoes: New Questions Arise in 2015 (MedPage Today)
  • 'Not many people just aspire to become heroin addicts. It just happens.' (Chicago Tribune)
  • Turkish labs turn Afghan opium into heroin for shipping to Europe-Russian anti-drug agency (RT)
  • Afghanistan can't control the Taliban since the Taliban controls the drug trade (PRI)
  • U.S. starts pilot program to prevent overdoses on Native American lands (American Pharmacists Association)

Kratom

  • With Mounting Pressure From FDA, Vivazen Removes Kratom in Product Reformulation (Bevnet)

Kava

  • Divisadero's Kava Lounge Set To Open Jan. 21st (Hoodline)

Miscellaneous Psychedelics/Psychoactives/Drug Policy

  • There's a big problem with the way we study psychedelic drugs (Business Insider)
  • We Are All Drug Users (Reset.me)
  • The University of Alabama Has Begun "Quietly" Drug Testing Fraternity Members (Cosmopolitan)
  • Psychedelics and Sacred Frequencies: Meet Lovelution, The Ontario Dance Party That's Better Than Therapy (Thump)
  • There's A Hidden Network Of Psychedelic Temples Under The Alps (Collective Evolution)
  • The Scary Reality Behind Sex Pills We Aren't Talking About (ATTN:)
  • ACLU to appeal court ruling in Missouri drug testing case (SFGate)
  • The Five Best Drug Scares of 2015 (Reason)
  • NASA releases a colorful, psychedelic video of Pluto (The Verge)
  • The Sacred and Psychedelic Multimedia Art of Lala Abaddon (The Creators Project)
  • Psychedelic Artist Peter Max in Multi-Million Family Dispute Over Paintings (Artlyst)
  • Finding a new perspective on psychedelics (OUPblog)

Disclaimer: "This Week in Psychedelics" does not censor or analyze the news links presented here. The purpose of this column is solely to catalogue how psychedelics (and other psychoactives) are presented by the mass media, which includes everything from the latest scientific research to misinformation.

This Week in Psychedelics - 10.16.15

Image by Dahtamnay, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Image by Dahtamnay, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Cannabis

  • Studies by Oregon researchers hint that mild pot-induced paranoia may have a public health benefit (The Register-Guard)
  • Ohio man gets 'too high', calls police (USA Today)
  • Here's What Marijuana Does to Pain (ATTN:)
  • How safe is stoned driving really? (Aeon)
  • Federal Cancer Institute Acknowledges Cancer-Fighting Properties of Cannabis (Reset.me)
  • Marijuana Could Change the 2016 Election (ATTN:)
  • Sanders Suddenly Becomes Pot-Friendliest Major-Party Candidate (Reason)
  • Marijuana Separated Sanders and Clinton in a Big Way (ATTN:)
  • Legalising cannabis would raise millions in tax, says government study (The Guardian)
  • Cannabis should be as legal as cigarettes because war on drugs is a 'disaster' claims Labour MP (Mirror)
  • Why are stoners always portrayed the same in film? (Dazed Digital)
  • Growing Pains: Regulating the Use of Pesticides on Marijuana (NORML)
  • An Introduction To The Endocannabinoid System (Reset.me)
  • Tribal Nations May Want to Stash Your Marijuana Cash (TIME)
  • Marijuana Could Literally Replace These 5 Prescription Drugs (ATTN:)
  • Oregon Pot Stores Sell More Than $11 Million in First 5 Days (The New York Times)
  • This is what legalising cannabis would raise in taxes (Mirror)
  • How LEDs Are Making Weed Better (Wired)
  • Finding a Place for Cannabis Cash (Bloomberg)
  • Medical cannabis CEO says Maine could be leader in legal marijuana industry (Portland Press Herald)
  • CTU's Helen Kelly wants legal cannabis for cancer pain (Stuff.co.nz)
  • 4 Riders in Senate Appropriations Bills Support Cannabis Federalism (Reason)
  • Rep. Regan: Medical cannabis task force report being reviewed by House (York Daily Record)
  • Free-thinking Brighton wants to legalise cannabis the most - with just one Tory seat in the top 10 (Mirror)
  • Legalise cannabis debate: Only 14 out of 650 MPs take part in parliamentary discussion on drug (International Business Times)
  • SA's cannabis oil 'Robin Hood' (Independent Online)
  • Marlborough man orders cannabis online (Marlborough Express)
  • Banning cannabis has failed - now it is time for our MPs to show true courage (Mirror)
  • Marijuana recipes: How to make Cannabis Ceviche (SF Gate)

Psilocybin/Magic Mushrooms

MDMA/Ecstasy

  • Carrying 5 or Less Ecstasy Pills Will Be Legal at ADE (Vice's Thump)
  • Amsterdam under fire over liberal ecstasy policy (NL Times)
  • Why European MDMA Looks So Much Better Than American Molly (Inverse)
  • When Are You Going To Get Your Prescription MDMA? (Gizmodo)
  • Drug smuggler tried to sneak 25,000 ecstasy tablets into Britain inside neck PILLOW (Mirror)
  • Ecstasy lab, precursor chemicals, cash discovered in Macleay Island joint police bust (ABC News)
  • Annie Lennox girl's lover drowned on drugs - EXCLUSIVE: Traces of MDMA found in his body (The Sun)
  • Hair samples shows ecstasy users more stressed (Australian Journal of Pharmacy)
  • Study Confirms That Taking MDMA or Ecstasy Directly Increases Your Stress Levels (Vice's Thump)

Ayahuasca/DMT

  • When it comes to worldwide religious tolerance, DMT could be the answer (Binghamton University Pipe Dream)
  • Demystifying Ayahuasca: An Expert Guide Through the Ritual (Men's Journal)
  • Art, Ayahuasca, And Climate Change: Can We Heal Our Way Back To A Healthy Planet (Reset.me)
  • Find out what is behind Ayahuasca that natives call sacred (CCTV-America)
  • Reassessing life in deepest Peru (Cyprus Mail)

Peyote/San Pedro/Mescaline

  • Personal Story: Ayahuasca And San Pedro Taught Me To Love Myself Again And Let Go Of The Past (Reset.me)

Iboga/Ibogaine

Salvia Divinorum

  • Tripping down memory lane with Leaves of the Virgin Mary (The Coast)

Synthetic Cannabinoids/Psychoactive Research Chemicals

  • Man in critical condition after taking 'unpredictable' N-bomb (Stuff.co.nz)
  • 'Hallucinations, confusion and agitation': Police sound warning over LSD-type synthetic drug (TVNZ)
  • 'Hell of a shock': Father of drug user - The family of 20-year-old university student on life support after taking synthetic LSD had no idea the man wasn't going to his classes. (NZCity)
  • Hospital staff attacked by man who snorted dangerous synthetic drug 'blue scissors' (The Sydney Morning Herald)
  • Thought ice was bad? Introducing 'Flakka' - Australia's most terrifying new drug, which turns users into 'zombies' and causes them to strip naked as their bodies overheat (Daily Mail)

Dissociatives

  • Ketamine Could Soon Be Used To Treat Depression (Inverse)
  • Ketamine Causes Long-Lasting Changes in Brain Function in Young Mice (Brain & Behavior Research Foundation)
  • Hong Kong Customs seizes about 12 kilograms of suspected ketamine at Man Kam To Control Point (7th Space Interactive)
  • High on PCP and bleeding, Jersey City man tries escaping ambulance after fight: police (NJ.com)
  • Burglary suspects caught in Southbridge with $10,000 worth of ketamine (Worcester Telegram)

Opiates/Opioids

  • How Mexican drug cartels are feeding America's deadly heroin epidemic (The Week)
  • Poppy cultivation up 50% in Mexico: DEA (Mexico News Daily)
  • Heroin crisis: presidential candidates forced to confront issue on campaign trail (The Guardian)
  • Charge heroin dealers as killers? Not so fast, law says (SI Live)
  • Heroin's Death Toll Reaches Another Gruesome Landmark (Mother Jones)
  • Government to consider giving more opium poppy cultivation licenses (The Economic Times)
  • No, you can't send a block of opium via courier. Two arrested in Richmond Hill, Ont., and 1.8kg package seized (National Post)
  • Heroin mailed in sandals brings prison for Mich. dealer (Detroit Free Press)
  • University of Kentucky training pharmacists to distribute naloxone (American Pharmacists Association)
  • $100,000 federal grant to help prevent opioid overdose deaths in WMass (Mass Live)
  • UN: Afghan Opium Production Down 48% (Voice of America)
  • Lehigh Valley police have yet to get heroin overdose antidote (The Morning Call)
  • Heroin worth over 500 million rupees seized from Jalandhar (ANI News)
  • Australia, ACT once again on an upward epidemic curve of opioid, heroin overdose (The Canberra Times)
  • Heroin Proves a Formidable Foe in Suburban Ohio County (ABC News)
  • Demand Iowa overdose legislation (Quad-City Times)
  • Grant to help Northern Berkshire group fight opioid overdoses (The Berkshire Eagle)
  • Howard awarded $50,000 to combat heroin addiction (The Baltimore Sun)
  • Heroin, pain-pill addicts face lifelong struggle (The Journal News)
  • SA to allow farmers to grow opium (Nine MSN)
  • Government mulling more licenses for opium cultivation (Business Today)
  • Heroin deaths exceed traffic fatalities in Virginia, Fredericksburg area (The Free Lance-Star)
  • Kentucky Lets Pharmacists Distribute Drug That Reverses Overdoses (Governing)

Absinthe

  • Library Goers Sample Craft Liquor at St. George Spirits Talk (Santa Clara Weekly)
  • 'The Green Hour', a Late Night Absinthe Bar, Is Coming to Germantown's Tempered European Indulgence (Eater Nashville)

Kambô

Kava

Khat

  • Bonds set for men arrested for foreign drug (WHLT22)

Miscellaneous Psychedelics/Psychoactives/Drug Policy

Disclaimer: "This Week in Psychedelics" does not censor or analyze the news links presented here. The purpose of this column is solely to catalogue how psychedelics (and other psychoactives) are presented by the mass media, which includes everything from the latest scientific research to misinformation.