Book Review - A Walk in the Woods

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This one remained on my "To-Read" list for several years, but it sat there untouched until I recently started getting more interested in hiking. Sometimes going into a book knowing next-to-nothing is a good idea, whereas other times it can help to have a solid foundation of what to expect. I didn't know much about A Walk in the Woods before I cracked it open other than that it was about hiking the Appalachian Trail, and I was pleasantly surprised by what I found.

In this book, author Bill Bryson weaves together a captivating tale with well-researched information about the Appalachian Trail's history and the surrounding sociology, plants, animals, and people. The story starts with an interest in hiking the trail that grows in him after moving to New England and follows Bryson on his voyage through the wilderness alongside his old friend "Stephen Katz". Their general naïveté concerning the art of hiking and frequently-clashing personalities make for some hilarious (and occasionally foolishly dangerous) situations.

The book is written in a style that cleverly mixes together gut-busting humor and Bryson's serious storytelling ability into an extremely satisfying concoction. I wholeheartedly recommend reading A Walk in the Woods if you have any interest in hiking, nature, or having a good laugh. It's no wonder that this book made The New York Times Best Sellers list and was named the funniest travel book ever written by CNN—Bryson's ability to be honest and vulnerable about the myriad of challenges that he and Katz faced on the trail make for a compelling and entertaining read.

4/5 stars. 305 pages.

Compassion Meditation – An Introduction

Image by Fr Lawrence Lew, O.P., courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Image by Fr Lawrence Lew, O.P., courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

This is the second post in a series featuring helpful meditation techniques. The first post focused on introducing mantras.

In previous blog posts about meditation I have discussed the benefits I have experienced by committing to a regular meditation practice and an introduction to mantras. Another technique that can be used while meditating is to focus on compassion. In this article I will introduce the concept of compassion meditation and explore some simple ways to incorporate it into your own meditation practice.

What is Compassion Meditation?

The practice of cultivating compassion during meditation is extremely beneficial. Unlike some other types of meditation, compassion meditation always involves an object of focus, rather than simply a general feeling of loving-kindness or goodwill. Without this focus on an object—which could be another person or the meditator—the compassion would seem shallow and the meditator would not reach the same potential as they are able to when directing their feelings of compassion toward a specific object. The concept of compassion reflects the wisdom that all things are interconnected with one another, and it quite naturally leads toward feeling connected with the rest of the universe.

How Does Compassion Meditation Help?

Developing a sense of compassion can help us connect more deeply and easily with others and ourselves, consider whether our day-to-day actions are all that wise after all, and understand and care for others instead of disliking or judging them. Compassion meditation can help you learn to stay present with the suffering that you face each day without getting overwhelmed.

This sense of compassion can be extended into concrete actions like giving money to disaster relief efforts, donating time and effort at a local food bank or homeless shelter, or lending an ear for listening or a shoulder to cry on to someone who is going through a difficult time. As you can see, there are myriad benefits to developing compassion. This type of meditation can help even the least empathetic person learn how to appreciate how others feel, which will go a long way toward healing the world.

Five Compassion Meditations

The following meditations are listed in order of difficulty, and can be helpful to become familiar with the easier meditations before tackling the more difficult ones. As you develop experience with each meditation, you can then assess whether you feel ready to move on to the next one. The typical advice for other types of meditation applies with compassion meditation, such as finding a quiet and peaceful location and sitting in a comfortable position

Developing compassion takes time for the majority of people, so do not get discouraged if you are not getting it right away. The important thing to focus on is making sure that you are sincere, lest you develop a sense of false compassion instead of true compassion. With that said, if you find it more difficult to develop compassion for yourself or a loved one than it would be to develop compassion for a neutral person, then it may be more beneficial for your to change the order in which you practice these meditations. Many people have great difficulty showing compassion to themselves, so if you are one of them please do not think that you are alone—just change this order to fit your needs.

Compassion for Oneself

  • It can be very difficult for some people to develop compassion for themselves. If you feel that this meditation will be more difficult for you than one of the following meditations, feel free to begin with one of them instead.

  • When you are ready to begin a self-compassion meditation, it can help to start by identifying qualities you possess that you are grateful for, like your warm generosity or your beautiful smile. Another helpful thing to focus on is any act that you have performed recently that fill you with the feeling of love. It can take time to begin to feel any forgiveness or appreciation for yourself—for some people this may take weeks, months, or even years—so be patient with yourself.

  • After you have generated a feeling of loving-kindness for yourself, you can then begin to think of a time that you have suffered, such as a difficult breakup or when you were struggling in a strained relationship. Pay attention to how you feel while you are reflecting. And after a short time, redirect your energy to the wish that your suffering will soon end.

  • You can even recite a positive mantra that helps you to stay focused, such as "May I be free from this suffering," or "May I have joy and happiness." Following your meditation, dedicate your session to the benefit of all sentient beings.

Compassion for a Loved One

  • Picture someone who is close to you, someone toward whom you have a great deal of love. Pay attention to how that love feels in your heart. You may feel a sensation of warmth, openness, or tenderness. Continue breathing easily and focus on these feelings as you visualize your loved one. You may choose to envision a golden light flowing from your heart to this person with each exhalation, bringing them peace and happiness.

  • Now reflect on a time when this person was suffering, perhaps from an illness or injury. Notice how you feel when thinking of their suffering. You may continue to feel the positive emotions that you previously experienced, however you may begin to feel something negative like aching or sadness. Try to imagine with all your heart that you wish them freedom from suffering.

  • You may recite a wish or prayer to take away their suffering, like "May you be content," or "May you live with ease." Following your meditation, dedicate your session to the benefit of all sentient beings.

Compassion for a Neutral Person

  • The focus of this meditation can be anyone that you do not feel any strong feelings toward, such as a classmate or grocery store clerk. The person that you choose to focus on should be someone that you see regularly, but not someone who you greatly like or dislike. Even though you do not have a personal connection with them, you can still develop compassion for them.

  • You can begin by thinking about how this person may suffer in their own life. They may be struggling with addiction or suffering from bullying, for example. Imagine a situation that would cause this person to suffer and begin to visualize it in your mind's eye. Sit with the feeling that this causes for a moment, and then put all of your energy into wishing them joy and happiness and an end to their suffering.

  • You may wish to silently offer phrases of compassion to them, saying things like "May you be free of pain and sorrow," or "May you be healthy and happy." You are free to alter the sayings so that they fit your own way of speaking or use any that have any personal significance. Following your meditation, dedicate your session to the benefit of all sentient beings.

Compassion for an Enemy

  • Now you can progress to developing compassion for someone that you have difficulty with in your life. This could be a parent or child that you have been arguing with lately, a boss who you do not get along with, or a roommate that is not doing their fair share of chores.

  • Even though you have negative feelings toward this person, begin thinking of how this person has suffered in their own life. You may have firsthand knowledge of their suffering—perhaps they lost someone they love or have recently been laid off. Visualize this person experiencing their suffering, and note how it makes you feel to witness it. Sit with that feeling for a moment, and then begin to cultivate compassion toward them. See if you can grow this feeling to be as strong as when you developed compassion for your loved one. If you are struggling to feel compassion toward this person, think of any positive interactions that you have had with them in the past that would help you wish them joy and happiness, such as times when you got along or laughed together.

  • You may wish to send them some positive vibes, thinking things like "May your health improve soon," or "May you have success at school." Following your meditation, dedicate your session to the benefit of all sentient beings.

Compassion for All Sentient Beings

  • This is the noblest form of compassion meditation; it is also the most difficult. In the Mahayana tradition of Buddhism, the concept of bodhicitta is extremely important. Bodhicitta is essentially the wish for all sentient beings to be free from suffering and the causes of suffering. Mayahana practitioners set the cultivation of bodhicitta as a primary goal for their practice—everything in life is done in order to seek enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings.

  • Expanding on the above meditations, the compassion meditation for all sentient beings includes the task of developing compassion for every single sentient being in the universe. This will be much easier to do after you have progressed through the previous meditations. Simply hold the concept of suffering in your mind and generate the feeling of goodwill toward all sentient beings. Then, send it outward to as far as you can possibly imagine. Really focus on putting as much positive energy into this act as possible, while remaining relaxed and mindful. And remember: this meditation will be most powerful when it is performed with true sincerity.

  • You can generate good karma by living your life with the honest intention of attaining enlightenment for the purpose of helping others. One way of doing that is finish your meditation by reciting prayers such as, "May all sentient beings be free from suffering and the causes of suffering", or "May all sentient beings have happiness and the causes of happiness." Following your meditation, dedicate your session to the benefit of all sentient beings.

Conclusion

It can be helpful to practice compassion meditation intuitively. The practice will likely be difficult at times for most people—even painful for some. This practice is not intended to make the practitioner feel that they are responsible for solving all of the world's problems, but rather to greet each moment with a compassionate heart. Relax as much as possible, be gentle with yourself, and breathe naturally. With each time that you practice compassion meditation, you are healing the world in a small way. Go easy on yourself and others, and good luck.

Namaste.

Weekend Thoughts - 1.20.18

Image by ntrief, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Image by ntrief, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Happy Saturday y'all! Below, I have rounded up some things for you to think about this weekend:

1. According to NASA, 2017 was the second-hottest year on record since 1880—with 2016 being the hottest. In fact, the six warmest years on record for the planet have occurred since 2010. Hopefully humanity will figure out a way to reverse this trend, by doing things like converting to renewable energy sources and consuming less animal products (which contribute a TON to climate change). However, we as individuals do not have to wait for the rest of the world to make changes. You can make lifestyle changes on your own, and if enough people do the same then it will make a noticeable impact.

That's all for this week's edition of Weekend Thoughts. Until next week, keep thinking wilder.

This Week in Psychedelics - 1.19.18

Image by Dahtamnay, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Image by Dahtamnay, courtesy of Creative Commons licensing.

Cannabis

  • Vermont: Governor Announces He Will Sign Marijuana Depenalization Measure (NORML)
  • New House Legislation To Stop Jeff Sessions (NORML)
  • Legal Weed Could Create $50+ Billion in Federal Tax Revenue (Reason)
  • Guns or marijuana? Firearm-owning cannabis users facing a choice (The Cannabist)
  • Cannabis Could Be The Most Profitable Ingredient In Skincare, If The U.S. Government Allows It (Forbes)
  • Bill Introduced to Stop Civil Forfeiture Funding of DEA Marijuana Eradication Program (Reason)
  • Will Legal Cannabis Save Canadian Agriculture? (High Times)
  • Marijuana Law Reform Efforts Advance in States Despite a Hostile Attorney General (NORML)
  • Cannabis Comestibles: Building A Better Edible (Forbes)
  • Just Intoduced: The Marijuana Justice Act is in the House (NORML)
  • U.S. Attorney Warns Oregon About Recreational Marijuana Boom (Reason)
  • Bipartisan REFER Act Targets Sessions' War On Cannabis In High Style (Forbes)
  • Pennsylvania Residents And NORML To Rally In Harrisburg For Marijuana Legalization (NORML)
  • Will Robots Take Over the Cannabis Industry? (High Times)
  • Senator Cory Gardner (CO) Addresses President Trump's Hypocrisy on Legal Marijuana (ATTN:)
  • Can Landlords Ban Legal Cannabis? Here's What the Law Says (Leafly)
  • Marijuana mixes with sex at first-of-its-kind cannabis club event (FOX31 Denver)
  • Crime Rate Drops but Uruguay Struggles with Illicit Sale of Cannabis to Tourists (TeleSUR)
  • Gavin Newsom on Jeff Sessions' Reversing Policy to Not Prosecute States with Legal Marijuana (ATTN:)
  • Cannabis Oversupply in Washington State Drives Prices to Threatening Lows (The Street)
  • Report Supports Help for Minorities in Medical Cannabis Industry (Leafly)
  • 'Cellular Agriculture' Could Be the Future of Cannabis (Leafly)
  • Will Trump Will Divert Funds From Anti-Terrorism To Close Pot Shops? Cannabis CEO's Hope Not (Forbes)
  • Copenhagen Caper Exposes Cannabis Crackdown (High Times)
  • Cannabis: Brain alterations may explain feelings of alienation (Medical News Today)

LSD

  • Microdosing LSD could be a safer option than taking antidepressants, according to expert (Happy)
  • 'The Most Dangerous Man in America' review: When LSD evangelist Timothy Leary led the FBI on an international goose chase (Newsday)
  • President Richard Nixon and LSD guru Timothy Leary, crazy in their own ways (The Washington Post)
  • 50 years ago - Gov. Shafer says LSD blinding story was a hoax (The Times-Tribune)
  • Transcript: Justin Barkley blames liquid LSD, psychosis for deadly shooting at Ithaca Walmart (The Ithaca Voice)

Psilocybin/Magic Mushrooms

  • Magic Mushrooms Could Treat Depression Without Going Through 'Emotional Blunting' (Inquisitr)
  • Quality of Acute Psychedelic Experience Predicts Therapeutic Efficacy of Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression (Frontiers in Pharmacology)

MDMA/Ecstasy

  • Bitcoin Could Bankroll MDMA Into the Mainstream as a Therapy Drug (Inverse)
  • Student fell nine floors to his death after drinking heavily and taking MDMA on his night out (Mirror)

Ayahuasca/DMT

  • What to Know About Ayahuasca, the Hallucinogen That Blows Your Mind and Makes You Puke Your Guts Out (Men's Health)

Peyote/San Pedro/Mescaline

  • The Psychedelic Cactus Giving People a Spiritual High (VICE)

Iboga/Ibogaine

  • Ibogaine Clinic by David Dardashti Hopes To Bring More Attention to National Drug and Alcohol Facts Week (PR Web)

Dissociatives

  • Research Finds Esketamine Effective in Treating the Worst Cases of Depression (Futurism)
  • Painkiller ketamine to be tested as preventative for post-surgical chronic pain (Herald Sun)
  • Man likely high on PCP when he stabbed mom to death, prosecutor says (NJ.com)

Opiates/Opioids

  • Walmart Plans to Offer a Product to Curb Opioid Abuse (TIME)
  • On The Hunt For Poppies In Mexico – America's Biggest Heroin Supplier (NPR)
  • Afghanistan: NATO Claims Crackdown On Taliban Hashish (High Times)
  • To Help Opioid Users, Pennsylvania Tries Deregulating (Reason)
  • Governors Ask Trump and Congress to Do More for Fight Against Opioids (TIME)
  • The overdose drug naloxone is available in many states without a prescription (American Pharmacists Association)

Kratom

  • Kratom Advocates Claim Substance 'Answer to Opioid Epidemic' (Nisqually Valley News)
  • Poison control warns of risks associated with kratom (WSET)

Kava

Khat

  • Miraa exporters to Mogadishu boycott trade over high prices (Suna Times)
  • Coventry man smuggled 35kg of khat worth £20,000 into the UK (Coventry Telegraph)

Miscellaneous Psychedelics/Psychoactives/Drug Policy

  • Meet the 24-year-old Trump campaign worker appointed to help lead the government's drug policy office (The Washington Post)
  • Everyone You Love Did Drugs (Reason)
  • How to Use Shulgin's Rating Scale to Describe Your Psychedelic Experience (Psychedelic Times)
  • Can psychedelic drugs 'reconnect' depressed patients with their emotions? (Imperial College London)
  • Alcohol arrests trend downward while hallucinogens make a comeback (The Exponent)
  • L.A. County Sheriff's Deputy Accused of Selling Drugs, Offering Protection to Dealers (Reason)
  • We Do Drugs Because it Feels Good: An Interview with Dr. Ingrid Walker (Reality Sandwich)
  • Transcendental Journeys and Psychedelic Spirituality: Interview with Torsten Klimmer (Psychedelic Times)
  • Young Australians Want Pill Testing At Music Fests And Would Heed The Results (HuffPost)
  • Dalek, Buff Monster Present Spaced Out: A Psychedelic Collaborative Art Gallery In New York (Magnetic Magazine)
  • Is there an end in sight for our country's 'War on Drugs'? (Southgate News-Herald)

Disclaimer: "This Week in Psychedelics" does not censor or analyze the news links presented here. The purpose of this column is solely to catalogue how psychedelics are presented by the mass media, which includes everything from the latest scientific research to misinformation.

Book Review - Getting Higher

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Whether you are an experienced psychonaut or a first-time tripper, absorbing understandable and accurate advice about the psychedelic experience before embarking on an entheogenic journey can be extremely valuable. Although I have several years worth of personal experience and tips and tricks that I have picked up from many sources along the way, I was pleasantly surprised to find Julian Vayne's book Getting Higher: The Manual of Psychedelic Ceremony to contain plenty of suggestions and ideas that were new to me, which I will gladly be able to bring to my own psychedelic practice.

A section titled "Setting Out" describes a variety of things that someone may consider doing before embarking on a psychedelic journey, including cleansing the body with a bath or shower, fasting or making other intentional dietary changes, carefully choosing the clothes they are going to wear, cleaning and decorating the physical space, saying prayers or setting an intention, and lighting candles or incense. Additionally, choosing a group of people to trip with that have mutual trust and respect should be a priority. The end of a psychedelic ceremony can involve a formal conclusion to the session. For example, you could give thanks to the spirits of the medicine, extinguish a fire that has been burning through the night, or open the curtains to let the light in, if the experience has happened inside.

The next chapter introduces the concept of practices that can be done outside of psychedelic ceremony that will help you navigate the psychedelic experience. These include breathwork, meditation, various activities involving sound (such as listening to pre-recorded music, making music, drumming, singing, chanting mantras), and a vast array of different types of movements (synchronized or freeform spontaneous dancing, checking in on one's posture and balance, gestures, sensual and sexual activities, etc.).

Another chapter focuses on activities that can be done while high that will guide or intensify the experience for the psychonaut, such as artistic explorations like drawing or painting, consciously consuming content, holding or observing objects that are significant to the tripper, playing games, going on a journey in nature, venturing into a museum on a "museum level" dose, participating at a rave or music festival, experimenting with divinatory practices like tarot or the I Ching, and creating an environment of sensory deprivation like with a float tank. Vayne also goes into great detail about how to plan, organize, and execute an effective medicine circle, which is a way to have a structured—yet highly meaningful—psychedelic experience in a group setting. In fact, there are several descriptions of ceremonies scattered throughout the book that are provided so the reader can gain ideas and inspiration for creating their own unique practice.

Although there can sometimes be a feeling in the psychedelic community that it is imperative to the success of the movement for its members to approach and speak about psychedelics exclusively in a serious manner, Vayne suggests that strict divisions between the concepts of using psychedelics for spirituality, play, and enjoyment are not needed. I tend to agree.

While it is not a primary focus of the book, it does include some scientific research. For example, there is a small section regarding the effects that psychedelics have on the physiological health of the human brain. Research has shown that psychedelics may enhance organic brain processes such as neuroplasticity (the ability of the brain cells to form new connections), and the compounds found in some psychedelics have been demonstrated to cause neurogenesis (the formation of neurons from neural stem cells) in vitro. There are a few more scientific snippets in the book, but it mainly looks at what one can do to create the most optimal conditions for a psychedelic experience.

I was ultimately extremely impressed by Getting Higher, which contains plenty of legitimate advice for psychonauts wishing to take their trips to new levels of intensity or learn how to move through the psychedelic space more effectively. This book is certainly worth reading, regardless of one's skill level with psychedelics, but I do feel like it may be appreciated more by people who have had a few trips under their belt than by complete novices. Perhaps this will even increase the re-readability of this book—for me at least. Only time will tell. However, I am confident that the suggestions in Getting Higher that I highlighted and/or wrote down in my own notes will be helpful for my own psychedelic practice for years to come.

4/5 stars. 135 pages.